Wine, redwoods, and the Sierra

Wine, redwoods, and the Sierra

Inland from the coast, California splits into distinct natural realms that give the trip its variety: the Mediterranean valleys of Napa and Sonoma that made California a world wine power, the fog-fed redwood forests of the North Coast, and the granite high country of the Sierra Nevada that culminates at Lake Tahoe. Each is a different California, and the state is large enough to hold them all at once.

Last checked July 12, 2026

How California became a wine power

Winemaking came to California with the Spanish missions, but its modern reputation was made in the late twentieth century. The turning point is usually dated to 1976, when California wines beat celebrated French bottles in a blind Paris tasting, putting Napa Valley on the global map and drawing the investment that built the estates around Yountville, St. Helena, and Calistoga.

The valleys work because of their Mediterranean climate — warm, dry summers cooled by coastal fog and bay breezes. Today wine country is as much a dining and hospitality destination as an agricultural one, anchored by restaurants like The French Laundry and by landmark and boutique wineries from Beringer to Castello di Amorosa.

The tallest trees on earth

Along the cool, foggy North Coast grow the coast redwoods, the tallest trees on the planet, thriving on the moisture the marine layer wrings out of the air. Around Mendocino and in parks up and down the coast, these forests meet the sea in a landscape of headlands, fern canyons, and second-growth groves recovering from a century of logging.

The redwoods are a reminder that California's fame rests on natural superlatives as much as on cities and industries — the tallest trees on the coast, and, in the Sierra, some of the largest and oldest living things in the giant sequoias further south.

The Sierra and the lake at its crest

The Sierra Nevada — Spanish for snowy range — is the long granite spine that walls off eastern California, catching the winter storms that supply much of the state's water and feeding the ski resorts and alpine lakes. Its scenery inspired the modern conservation movement through John Muir and the creation of Yosemite and other parks.

Lake Tahoe sits high in the range on the California–Nevada line, one of the largest and deepest alpine lakes in North America, famous for its clarity and its glacier-carved coves like Emerald Bay. In winter it is a ski destination; in summer it is a lake resort — the same mountains, two entirely different trips.

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